In this article, we report on the “PEAU’se dermatologique” meeting held at the Cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, dedicated to allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Professor Anne Herman reminded us of the main contact allergens involved, depending on skin location.
ACD, which affects approximately 25% of the general population, is an acquired immunological disorder resulting from exposure to sensitizing substances (contact allergens) in previously exposed and sensitized individuals. The article describes the various allergological tests available, in particular patch tests, repeated open application test (ROAT), and glove repeated application test (GRAT), specifying their indications and procedures.
The article reviews different clinical topographies frequently encountered in consultations (eczema of the hands, feet, eyelids, and lips) and identifies the most frequently implicated allergens for each. The specificities of ACD in children are also discussed, as well as the emergence of new allergens.
What do we need to remember from this article?
ACD affects a quarter of the general population, hence the importance of detecting it. It is therefore essential to carry out a thorough anamnesis, including various aspects such as occupation, lifestyle habits, use of cosmetics, application of new trends, etc. An allergological assessment is proposed, using patch tests to identify the responsible allergen. This assessment may be supplemented by a ROAT.
Keywords
Allergic contact dermatitis, patch tests, professional allergens, preservatives