Diabetic nephropathy is currently the leading cause of chronic end-stage renal disease, along with its clinical consequences. Its prevention implies multidisciplinary management based on strict control of blood glucose from diabetes onset, in addition to blood pressure control, primarily using ACE-I inhibitors or sartans. Recent clinical trials have demonstrated the cardiovascular security/benefits as well as nephroprotective effects of new classes of antihyperglycemic agents (DDP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors), in addition to their well-established antihyperglycemic effects.
This paper aims to review the state of the art of diabetes-related cardiovascular and renal complication management.
Key Words
Type 2 diabetes, macroangiopathy, nephroprotection, gliptin, GLP-1 agonists, SGLT-2 inhibitors
What does this article bring up for us?
The therapeutic approach to diabetic nephropathy is based on glycemic optimization, blood pressure control and blockage of the renin-angiotensin axis. More recently, new data demonstrated the nephroprotective effect and cardiovascular benefits of DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 agonists and SGLT-2 inhibitors. Key Words Type 2 diabetes, macroangiopathy, nephroprotection, gliptin, GLP-1 agonists, SGLT-2 inhibitors