Introduction
Despite the prevalence of domestic violence (DV) in Belgium, few studies have examined the role of general medicine practice in the management of perpetrators of DV. What is the experience of Belgian general practitioners in the management of male perpetrators of domestic violence?
Method
A qualitative study examined the history of Belgian general practitioners in the supervision of men who commit domestic violence. Through a snowball sampling and individual semi-directed interviews, we were able to collect information from five general practitioners. The heterogeneity of profiles in terms of gender, age, years of experience, type, and location of practice was preferred to obtain a rich and diversified sample. These five interviews were marked out by an interview guide and then strictly transcribed.
Results
Three main themes related to the physicians' experience were identified: [1] by what means do the physicians identify male perpetrators of violence against women (VAW) and how can they be considered as patients? Their identification is mostly made by the female victims. There is little self-identification by the perpetrators of VAW. This is a victim-centered approach. The importance of the therapeutic relationship with the male perpetrators of violence is emphasized. [2] The second theme highlights a generalized taboo among respondents towards male perpetrators of sexual violence, which has an impact on their treatment. It proposes communication and verbalization in order to include [3] general medicine in a network- centered system on the male perpetrators of violence. This system is necessary to provide support and adequate multidisciplinary management of male perpetrators of domestic abuse.
Conclusion
There is a general taboo around male perpetrators of DV. General medicine practice contributes to this taboo. There is a lack of responsibility on the part of general practitioners, leading to a poor care for male perpetrators of domestic abuse. A network system is essential for their appropriate management. Further studies are needed to evaluate the role of the front liners in preventing domestic violence.

The kidney is undoubtedly a major target for microvascular damage in diabetes, and approximately half of patients with type 2 diabetes develop chronic kidney disease. The presence of chronic kidney disease increases the risk of death, cardiovascular events, and progression to kidney failure, which may require dialysis or transplantation. For diabetic patients, these complications obviously have a major impact, both on their outcomes and quality of life.

Reimbursed in Belgium since February 1, 2023, finerenone (Kerendia®, Bayer) is a novel non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has recently been shown to be effective in preventing cardiovascular events and the progression of chronic kidney disease in type 2 diabetes patients.

This review summarizes the current state of knowledge and provides clinicians with the necessary tools to prescribe finerenone to patients at high cardiovascular and renal risk, who require holistic and multidisciplinary management.

Obesity prevalence is rapidly growing and becoming a critical health issue, especially in developed countries. Obesity and life expectancy increase are the main reasons for the rising incidence of osteoarthritis (OA). Obese patients greatly benefit from surgical OA treatment and should therefore not be denied any intervention, including knee arthroplasty, regardless of their body mass index.

Conservative measures, such as lifestyle modification, exercise, and pharmacological treatment with systematic slow-acting drugs for OA (SYSADOA) like glucosamine sulphate, chondroitine sulphate or curcumine, topical or oral non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and intra-articular steroids or hyaluronic acid injections should be tried before resorting to knee surgery. Minimally invasive knee prosthesis, respecting soft tissue as much as possible, might be particularly beneficial for obese patients, reducing complication rates and improving outcome. However, further studies are needed to confirm this trend.